Windows Terminal终端安装与美化

本文最后更新于：2022年4月9日 中午

windows terminal 是微软Build大会上推出的一款的全新终端，用来代替cmder之类的第三方终端。同时该终端依然符合我们的目标和要求，快速、高效，并且不会消耗大量内存和电源。

1.安装

可以在微软商店里面进行安装，系统要求是Windows 1903 (build >= 10.0.18362.0) 及以上。

或者在Windows Terminal的Github项目，进入Releases发布模块，下载第一个进行安装。

2.自定义配置

官网：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/terminal/customize-settings/profile-settings

Windows Terminal提供了许多设置和配置选项，可以对Terminal的外观自定义设置。配置文件格式为json，具体参数信息可参见微软官网。

1.可以使用Ctrl+滑轮调节字体大小
2.可以使用Ctrl+Shift+滑轮调节界面的透明度
3.可以使用ctrl+Shift+d进行界面多开
4.可以使用ctrl+，或者顶部菜单打开设置
5.可以按住alt 再点击设置打开defaults.json修改配色、按键以及各种设置

3.使用win+r快捷键打开

Windows依次打开设置—>应用—>应用和功能—>应用执行别名，可以看到，已安装好的WT程序以及它的别名：wt.exe。参见下图：

win+r 打开运行窗口，输入”wt.exe“即可打开Window Terminal。

4.右键菜单在任意文件夹下打开 WT

  1. 打开 C:\Users\用户名\AppData\Local

  2. 建立terminal文件夹

  3. 准备一张作为icon的图片，这里为wt.ico

    图标地址：https://raw.githubusercontent.com/microsoft/terminal/master/res/terminal.ico

  4. 将wt.ico放入terminal文件夹，新建一个空白的reg注册表文件，命名为wt.reg。

  5. 以记事本打开并编辑wt.reg文件，写入如下语句，这里的%USERPROFILE%可以换成绝对路径C:\Users\用户名。

    Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

    [HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Background\shell\wt]
    @=”打开终端”
    “Icon”=”%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Terminal\wt.ico”

    [HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Background\shell\wt\command]
    @=”C:\Users\用户名\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\wt.exe”

  6. 双击wt.reg，右键查看已经存在快捷方式。配合前面的settings.json的"startingDirectory": null属性设置，可以做到右键点击从当前目录打开终端。

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    settings.json文件下：

    {
        // Make changes here to the powershell.exe profile.
        "guid": "{61c54bbd-c2c6-5271-96e7-009a87ff44bf}",
    	"closeOnExit" : true,
        "name": "Windows PowerShell",
        "commandline": "powershell.exe",
    	"fontFace" : "Consolas",
    	"fontSize" : 12,
        "hidden": false,
    	"snapOnInput" : true,
    	"tabTitle" : "Powershell",
    	"acrylicOpacity": 0.9,
    	"useAcrylic": true,
    	"startingDirectory": null			//新添加的
    },

5.添加git-bash

在settings.json文件中找到profiles选项，添加如下配置：

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{
    // Make changes here to the git bash.exe profile.
    // 预先从在线GUID生成器生成，只要和其他终端不重复即可
    "guid": "{5772f1ce-4f65-46a8-fe34-f91e7c73276a}",
	"closeOnExit" : true,
	// 此处要预先把准备好的bash图标放在该文件夹下
	"icon": "C:\\Users\\ZHENG\\AppData\\Local\\terminal\\git_bash.ico",
    "name": "Git Bash",
	"fontFace" : "Consolas",
	"fontSize" : 12,
	// 修改成你的新的终端路径
    "commandline": "D:\\Git\\bin\\bash.exe",
    "hidden": false,
	"snapOnInput" : true,
	"acrylicOpacity": 0.9,
	"useAcrylic": true,
	"startingDirectory": null
}

6.最终效果

保存所有配置文件之后，配置将会立刻生效。可以在 Windows Terminal 中看到新增的 Bash 终端。

附录

terminal文件夹下所有文件下载

下载链接：bdex://5d4bae14d6db1841ccfc3ab33e1e2fd13bd8ead5

下载后解压到C:\Users\用户名\AppData\Local文件夹下，修改wt.reg文件，再双击执行即可。

下载方法参见：CDNDrive 文件上传与下载

或者直接下载以下图片：

wt

git_bash

settings.json 参考

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// This file was initially generated by Windows Terminal 1.0.1401.0
// It should still be usable in newer versions, but newer versions might have additional
// settings, help text, or changes that you will not see unless you clear this file
// and let us generate a new one for you.

// To view the default settings, hold "alt" while clicking on the "Settings" button.
// For documentation on these settings, see: https://aka.ms/terminal-documentation
{
    "$schema": "https://aka.ms/terminal-profiles-schema",

    "defaultProfile": "{61c54bbd-c2c6-5271-96e7-009a87ff44bf}",
    "initialCols": 80,
    "initialRows": 20,
	"showTerminalTitleInTitlebar": true,
	"snapToGridOnResize": true,

    // You can add more global application settings here.
    // To learn more about global settings, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-global-settings

    // If enabled, selections are automatically copied to your clipboard.
    "copyOnSelect": true,

    // If enabled, formatted data is also copied to your clipboard
    "copyFormatting": false,

    // A profile specifies a command to execute paired with information about how it should look and feel.
    // Each one of them will appear in the 'New Tab' dropdown,
    //   and can be invoked from the commandline with `wt.exe -p xxx`
    // To learn more about profiles, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-profile-settings
    "profiles":
    {
        "defaults":
        {
            // Put settings here that you want to apply to all profiles.
			"suppressApplicationTitle": true
        },
        "list":
        [
            {
                // Make changes here to the powershell.exe profile.
                "guid": "{61c54bbd-c2c6-5271-96e7-009a87ff44bf}",
				"closeOnExit" : true,
                "name": "Windows PowerShell",
                "commandline": "powershell.exe",
				"fontFace" : "Consolas",
				"fontSize" : 12,
                "hidden": false,
				"snapOnInput" : true,
                "tabTitle" : "Powershell",
                "acrylicOpacity": 0.9,
                "useAcrylic": true,
                "startingDirectory": null
            },
            {
                // Make changes here to the cmd.exe profile.
                "guid": "{0caa0dad-35be-5f56-a8ff-afceeeaa6101}",
				"closeOnExit" : true,
                "name": "命令提示符",
                "fontFace" : "Consolas",
                "fontSize" : 12,
                "commandline": "cmd.exe",
                "hidden": false,
                "snapOnInput" : true,
                "acrylicOpacity": 0.9,
                "useAcrylic": true,
                "startingDirectory": null
            },
            {
                // Make changes here to the git bash.exe profile.
                "guid": "{5772f1ce-4f65-46a8-fe34-f91e7c73276a}",
                "closeOnExit" : true,
                "icon": "C:\\Users\\ZHENG\\AppData\\Local\\terminal\\git_bash.ico",
                "name": "Git Bash",
                "fontFace" : "Consolas",
                "fontSize" : 12,
                "commandline": "D:\\Git\\bin\\bash.exe",
                "hidden": false,
                "snapOnInput" : true,
                "acrylicOpacity": 0.9,
                "useAcrylic": true,
                "startingDirectory": null
            },
            {
                "guid": "{b453ae62-4e3d-5e58-b989-0a998ec441b8}",
                "hidden": false,
                "name": "Azure Cloud Shell",
                "source": "Windows.Terminal.Azure"
            }
        ]
    },

    // Add custom color schemes to this array.
    // To learn more about color schemes, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-color-schemes
    "schemes": [
		{
		  "name": "Nord",
		  "background": "#2e3440",
		  "foreground": "#eceff4",
		  "brightBlack": "#2e3440",
		  "brightBlue": "#5e81ac",
		  "brightCyan": "#8fbcbb",
		  "brightGreen": "#a3be8c",
		  "brightPurple": "#b48ead",
		  "brightRed": "#bf616a",
		  "brightWhite": "#eceff4",
		  "brightYellow": "#ebcb8b",
		  "black": "#2e3440",
		  "blue": "#5e81ac",
		  "cyan": "#8fbcbb",
		  "green": "#a3be8c",
		  "purple": "#b48ead",
		  "red": "#bf616a",
		  "white": "#eceff4",
		  "yellow": "#ebcb8b"
		}
	],

    // Add custom keybindings to this array.
    // To unbind a key combination from your defaults.json, set the command to "unbound".
    // To learn more about keybindings, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-keybindings
    "keybindings":
    [
        // Copy and paste are bound to Ctrl+Shift+C and Ctrl+Shift+V in your defaults.json.
        // These two lines additionally bind them to Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V.
        // To learn more about selection, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-selection
        { "command": {"action": "copy", "singleLine": false }, "keys": "ctrl+c" },
        { "command": "paste", "keys": "ctrl+v" },

        // Press Ctrl+F to open the search box
        { "command": "find", "keys": "ctrl+f" },
		
		// Press Ctrl+w to closetab
		{ "command": "closeTab", "keys": "ctrl+w"},

        // Press Alt+Shift+D to open a new pane.
        // - "split": "auto" makes this pane open in the direction that provides the most surface area.
        // - "splitMode": "duplicate" makes the new pane use the focused pane's profile.
        // To learn more about panes, visit https://aka.ms/terminal-panes
        { "command": { "action": "splitPane", "split": "auto", "splitMode": "duplicate" }, "keys": "alt+shift+d" }
    ]
}

参考资料

https://lanlan2017.github.io/blog/ed5250a2/

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43870742/article/details/100830921?utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-baidujs-1&spm=1001.2101.3001.4242

https://www.cnblogs.com/kuronekonano/p/12519447.html

https://blog.csdn.net/WPwalter/article/details/100159481